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Emulation (revised)

Updated: 10/25/2021, 3:03:15 PM
Created: 10/25/2021, 3:03:15 PM
Last Updated By: Jake Tuttle
Read Time: 28 minute(s)

Description

Emulation support is provided by the Config_EMULATE file in the config sub directory of the jBASE release directory. All text in the file is case insensitive.

The format of that file is:

• # Denotes a comment and the line is ignored.
• x: Denotes a label, signifying the start of an emulation definition.
• any Denotes an emulation definition.

Labels must be alpha-numeric, i.e. no periods, underlines, etc. If one label directly follows another then the label is synonym for the same emulation definition. The emulation definition ends when another label or the end of file encountered.

Multiple emulation definitions can be defined on the same line with each definition delimited by a comma or a semicolon. Emulation definitions can be interrupted by blank lines and can contain any amount of white space, i.e. one or more spaces or tab characters.

Emulation definitions can be declared 'on', 'yes' or 'true' to mean the emulation is enabled or similarly use the strings 'off', 'no' or 'false' to mean the emulation effect is disabled.

To use a different set of emulation definitions from the default set, set the environment variable JBCEMULATE in your current environment to the required emulation label. When the environment variable is not configured then the emulation definition defined by the default label is in effect. If the default label is not present then the first label detected will be used for the default emulation.

Generally any emulation definitions which affect BASIC, (like the @(-n) codes), use the JBCEMULATE environment variable when the programs are compiled, whereas the other definitions tend to be used at runtime, when the program is executed.

You can create your own custom emulation sections in the Config_EMULATE file but it is recommended to use Alternate Emulations for this purpose.

Alternate Emulations

An Alternate Emulation has the general form:

Config_EMULATE_name

where name is the name of the emulation. These emulations are also stored in the config directory under $JBCRELEASEDIR. and follow the exact same rules. The file name of the alternate emulation must be the same as the label, i.e. the x: line.

Alternate Emulations can contain any combination of configuration options except dup entries. If you require the behavior of a dup entry then all configuration settings in that section must be explicitly added to the Alternate Emulation.

For example, to create an alternate jbase emulation called jcustom, which changes the value of the old_jql_output_style setting, would be:

File name: Config_EMULATE_jcustom

jcustom:
      @(-1) = clear_screen ; @(-2) = cursor_home ; @(-3) = clear_eos ; @(-4) = clear_eol
      @(-5) = blink_on ; @(-6) = blink_off
      @(-7) = prot_on ; @(-8) = prot_off ;
      @(-9) = cursor_left ; @(-10) = cursor_up ; @(-20) = cursor_down ; @(-19) = cursor_right
      @(-13) = reverse_on ; @(-14) = reverse_off
      @(-15) = underline_on ; @(-16) = underline_off
      @(-17) = printer_on ; @(-18) = printer_off
      @(-33) = background white ; @(-34) = background yellow ; @(-35) = background magenta ; @(-36) = background red
      @(-37) = background cyan ; @(-38) = background green ; @(-39) = background blue ; @(-40) = background black
      @(-41) = foreground white ; @(-42) = foreground yellow ; @(-43) = foreground magenta ; @(-44) = foreground red
      @(-45) = foreground cyan ; @(-46) = foreground green ; @(-47) = foreground blue ; @(-48) = foreground black
      @(-57) = foreground white ; @(-58) = foreground yellow ; @(-59) = foreground magenta ; @(-60) = foreground red
      @(-61) = foreground cyan ; @(-62) = foreground green ; @(-63) = foreground blue ; @(-64) = foreground black
      @(-200) = cursor_on , @(-201) = cursor_off
      list_keys = true
      reality_video = true
      jbase_field = true
      named_common = null
      readv0 = key
      treat_with_as_or_with = true
      dates_upper_case = yes
      use_sql_syntax_for_select = false
      old_jql_output_style = true
      itype_trans_replace_delim = false
      itype_unquoted_numeric_literal = true
      enter_keeps_common_data = false
      error_numbers_are_single_attribute = false

To use this definition, set the JBCEMULATE environment variable to jcustom, e.g.

export JBCEMULATE=jcustom   [Linux]
set JBCEMULATE=jcustom      [Windows]

Note that you can't use the dup option with alternate emulations. In other words, you can't do something like this:

jcustom:
      dup = jbase
      old_jql_output_style = true

The entries must be expanded explicitly.

Configuration Definitions

Variable	Description	Set At:	?
allow_bad_day_of_month = true | false	If set, allows invalid date conversions like ICONV('31 FEB 19', 'D') to convert to a  valid date; 03 MAR 19 .	Run Time	+
allow_unassigned_assignment = true | false	Suppress "UNASSIGNED VARIABLE" message where "X=Y" and Y has not been assigned.	Run Time
alternate_chain_exit = true | false	If set then under certain circumstances drops an extra run level on returning from a CHAIN command. This is an emulation of jBASE 3.4 behaviour. Current behaviour is believed to be preferable. Only set this if necessary for backwards compatibility.	Run Time
alternative_oconv = true | false	If set then for the "DD" and "DM" output conversions, single digit results are prefixed by zero. Default for Sequoia is true.	Run Time	+
breakon_l_suppresses_blank_line = true | false	If set then "L" in a "BREAK-ON" clause means suppress the blank line before the data line. The default is to skip the break line, i.e. only output a blank line.	Run Time
byexp_mv_dup_like_d3 = true | false	If set, when using BY-EXP, reuse the first, and only, value in single valued attributes. The default behaviour, i.e. with "byexp_mv_dup_like_d3" unset or false, is to assume a null value for the 2nd and subsequent values. Currently, this option is not set under any emulation in the "Config_EMULATE" file supplied with the jBASE Installation.	Run Time
case_insensitive_file_ids = true | false	If set, try and ignore the case of file names, default behaviour will be to open the first UPPER CASE version of the file name.	Run Time
case_insensitive_md = true | false	If set, the MD does not care about case, everything should end up as UPCASE.	Run Time
case_insensitive_runtime_strings = true | false	If set, any jBASE functions which accept a VAR as a parameter will UPCASE it.	Run Time
case_insensitive_runtime_strings = true | false	If set, any jBASE functions which accept a VAR as a parameter will UPCASE it.	Run Time
clear_will_clear_common = true | false	If set, the 'CLEAR' statement will not only clear local variables but COMMON as well (but NOT named COMMON.	Run Time
compiler_case_insensitive_subroutines = true | false	If set, all SUBROUTINE names are case insensitive.	Compile Time
compiler_case_insensitive_variables_keywords = true | false	If set, the compiler ignores the case on variable names and keywords. [Not currently implemented]	Compile Time
chk_typeahead_on_inputminus = true | false	If set then check for typeahead when INPUT x,-1 syntax is used.	Run Time
conv_mct_uv_compat = true | false	Universe compatible capitalisation after non-alpha characters.	Run Time
conv_old_mct = true | false	Capitalise character in a string following non-alpha character, e.g. "-" (hyphen) when the string is used in an OCONV() function. See Example #1	Run Time	+
dates_upper_case = yes | no	If "yes" then date conversions (e.g. "DM" and "DW") force the text to uppercase format, e.g. "March" is forced to "MARCH". Without this option, the casing for dates is dependent upon the operating system.	Run Time	+
defer_header_output = true | false	Set by default under Ultimate emulation. Any Basic HEADER will be output at the next natural page break. Normally the HEADER is issued immediately. The output of the HEADER can also be deferred to the next natural page break by prefixing the HEADER data with an Attribute Mark (@AM).	Run Time
dict_sub_call = true | false	On some emulations, when calling a SUBROUTINE from a DICT item, a parameter will be passed to the SUBROUTINE which is the current item . If this is behavior is required, set this to "true".	Run Time
dot_not_numeric = true | false	Set to true for compatibility with systems that expect ".", "+" and "-" to be treated as non-numeric characters.	Run Time
dup = name	Duplicates the definition "name", where "name:" is a previously defined "label:", i.e. this "definition" inherits the behaviour defined for "name:", "option" settings following a "dup" override the inherited behaviour for that "option".	n/a
enter_keeps_common_data = true | false	Set if you want the ENTER statement to retain global common when "(I" option is used.	Run time
error_numbers_are_single_attribute = true | false	If set, check that the first value is a number, if so use it as the error message, (i.e., return "401" instead of "401]QLSELNO"). (Could be problematic).	Run time
ext_pattern_match = true | false	For systems which use extended pattern matching.	Compile Time
format_defaults_no_decimals = true | false	If set, a format mask that does not specify decimal places will not output any decimals. Default is to output all decimal places.	Run time
generic_pick = true | false	The emulation will otherwise behave as if coming from a Pick environment.	Compile Time1
generic_prime = true | false	The emulation will otherwise behave as if coming from a Prime environment.	Compile Time1
generic_reality = true | false	The emulation will otherwise behave as if coming from a Reality Operating System environment.	Compile Time1
generic_universe = true | false	The emulation will otherwise behave as if coming from a Universe system.	Compile Time1
generic_unidata = true | false	The emulation will otherwise behave as if coming from a Unidata environment.	Compile Time1
header_with_s = yes | no	For systems (Sequoia) S-types with null "header" WILL use the default column heading.	Run Time
hush_input_and_output = true | false	If set then control both input and output on HUSH.	Run Time1
iconv_nonnumeric_return_null = true | false	If true then ICONV will return null instead of the original value when that value is non-numeric and numeric is expected.	Run Time
iconv_strip_leading_zeros = true | false	When set, ICONV() will strip any leading whitespace on the string being operated on.	Run Time	+
insert_default_zero_to_one = true | false	If set, treat a param value of zero as one for INSERT function.	Run Time
invert_F_correl = yes | no	Set this for systems (Reality) where the F correlative operates on the top stack elements in the reverse order to that expected for certain operators	Run Time
itype_trans_replace_delim = true | false	Set to replace delimiters with spaces in the TRANS() function ( ITYPES only ).	Run Time
itype_unquoted_numeric_literal = true | false	Set for systems (Universe/Unidata ) where the 3rd and 4th parameters of the 'FIELD'' function can be specified as an unquoted numeric. The unquoted numeric will be treated as a numeric literal in these cases, rather than an attribute reference.	Run Time
jbase_field = yes | no	For systems (jBASE and Prime), FIELD function will use the entire delimiter not just the first character.	Run Time
jpqn_replace_semicolon = true | false	Set by default under Ultimate emulation. When moving data from the Input buffer to the Primary Output buffer using the A command in PQN Procs, any semicolons are replaced with specified delimiter, e.g. : A' changes abc;def;xyz to abc"def"xyz.	Run Time
jql_A_substring_literal= true | false	For systems (as yet unknown) which assume unquoted numerics (inside substring extraction) should be treated as Numeric literals (NOT attribute references as expected by default).	Run Time
jql_acalc_int_only= true | false	Set for systems (Reality, R83, Universe) where integer only arithmetic is performed in calculations within "A;" correlatives/conversions.	Run Time
jql_divide_by_zero_zero = true | false	For systems (R91), division by zero in conversions/correlatives will return zero. (The default behaviour is to return the numerator unchanged).	Run Time
jql_mv_subcall = true | false	For systems (Sequoia) the user subroutine will be called for each multivalue and subvalue in data being processed by jQL. Default is false	Run Time
length_field_formatting = true | false	For systems that precede formatting with a length field.	Run Time
list_keys = yes | no	If set then commands such as T-DUMP , T-LOAD , COPY will by default display all the record keys and use the (I) option to suppress this. Without this option then, by default, the reverse is true e.g. T-DUMP will not list any record keys but the (I) option indicates that record keys should be displayed	Run Time2
locate_null_only_in_array = yes | no	Set for systems requiring null to only match within the real array, not the implied array, e.g. : FIND "" IN "abc" will return 'true' under the default mode.	Run Time
long_who = yes | no	If set, the WHO command is extended to give the node name and UNIX account name, in addition to the port associated to the current user.	Run Time	+
log_runtime_errors = true | false	If true, runtime errors such as divide by zero are logged in the $JBCRELEASEDIR/runtime-errors directory, assuming the error message in $JBCRELEASEDIR/jbcmessages contains the string ^LOGERRORS^.	Run Time
make_locate_dr_like_dn = true | false	Set for systems requiring the DR of the LOCATE statement to act like DN.	Compile Time
match_last_delimiter = true | false	If set to 'true' then the last delimiter in pattern match string is used within the pattern to match, e.g.: "a]b]c]" will match "c]".	Run Time
matread_assigns_to_end = true | false	Additional attributes are appended to the last element of a DIMensioned array by 'MATREAD'. By default additional attributes are returned in element '0' of the DIMensioned array. Set 'true' under Sequoia emulation.	Run Time
md_int_only = true | false	If set, only integers will be allowed in MD or MR conversions. If a decimal number is used then it will be treated as non-numeric, returning the original value, e.g. OCONV(12.99,'MD2') returns '12.99' instead of '0.13' .	Run Time	+
multiple_cmd_execution = true | false	For systems that allow execution of multiple commands if provided as a dynamic array to 'PERFORM'/'EXECUTE' statements. Where a CAPTURING clause is added to the EXECUTE/PERFORM, only the result of the last EXECUTEd program is returned.	Run Time	+
named_common = unassigned | null | zero	Indicates how to set named common when first referenced. Default is unassigned.'setting' can be : "zero" to initialise to numeric 0.  "unassigned" to keep it as an unassigned variable.  "null" to create it as a zero length null string.	Run Time
no_equate_on_call = true | false	If set, inhibit the Equate processing on the 'Subroutine' name specified in CALL statements but not CALL @ statements.	Run Time
no_extra_delimiter = true | false	For systems ( currently Sequoia and R83 ) which do not insert a delimiter (AM/VM/SVM) if the current string being appended to ( by specifying '-1' as the parameter to append/insert before ) has a 'trailing' delimiter (AM/VM/SVM ) already. See Example #2	Compile Time
no_id_prompt = true | false	For systems (Sequoia) which do NOT 'prompt for ids' when using 'QSELECT' (for example) and no items are specified. If 'no_id_prompt' is set do NOT 'prompt' for the item ids but assume '*' (i.e. ALL items) are required.	Run Time
no_value_maths = true | false	If set to 'true' then jBASE will NOT perform automatic multi-value maths on a non-numeric string, e.g. : A = "12":@AM:"3" + 1 will fail with a 'NON_NUMERIC' error.	Run Time
nopage_null_header = true | false	For systems (as yet unknown) which do NOT expect a pause at the end of Page when a Null HEADING is requested in Basic. The default behaviour is to leave this 'flag' unset.	Run Time
null_eq_zero = true | false	For systems (Universe) right justified null fields will sort equal to zero.	Run Time
oconv_date_to_non_numeric = true | false	If set to true then using OCONV() with a Date conversion code will take the numeric portion of the data up to the first non-numeric character.	Run Time
oconv_format_null = true | false	For systems whose OCONV functions force formatting of null values.	Run Time
oconv_no_mask_formatting = true | false	For systems that do not use OCONV mask formatting when value is null or nonnumeric.	Run Time
oconv_no_scale_formatting = true | false	For systems that do not use a scaling factor by default for OCONV formatting.	Compile Time
old_jql_output_style = true | false	If set then the number of spaces between columns, for the jQL LIST and SORT commands, is always 1. If not set then jQL adjusts the spacing between columns depending on the number of columns and the width setting of the TERM command. The maximum number of spaces between columns is 4. This option is only effective when the jQL display is in columnar format.	Run Time	+
openseq_creates = true | false	When set, the jBC OPENSEQ statement will create the specified file if it does not exist. This parameter is set by default for Sequoia.	Run Time
page_0_header = true | false	For systems (Sequoia) PAGE 0 will clear any existing HEADINGs and FOOTINGs.	Run Time
para_stacked_data = true | false	Set by default under Unidata emulation.Externally stacked 'DATA', passed from a Basic program to an 'EXECUTE'd PAragraph, is only used to satisfy 'INPUT' requests within the PAragraph and is not passed indirectly to programs 'EXECUTE'd from the PAragraph, e.g. See Example #3	Run Time
pq_Aquote_prepends_space = true | false	This option can be enabled to assist in the construction of 'commands' within the Proc Output buffer.Currently not enabled under any emulation by default. Specifically for Proc's where a required trailing space has been omitted during creation of the Proc, e.g. Example #4 With this option enabled, the A' and/or A", will prepend a 'space' to the current contents of the Output buffer, where necessary, prior to appending the 'quoted' contents of the 'A' buffer, e.g. : When this option is enabled the 'Output' buffer will be as per Example #5	Run Timer
pq_backslash = true | false	If set, PQ procs will use backslash delimiters when extending past the end of input buffer with Sn or Rin. Default for Sequoia.	Run Time
pq_indirection = true | false	If set then PQ procs can execute PQN proc commands (Universe).	Run Time
prime_runtime_errors = true | false	'ZERO_USED' , 'DIVIDE_ZERO' and 'NON_NUMERIC' errors generate message ids appended with '_PRIME', eg 'ZERO_USED_PRIME' , 'DIVIDE_ZERO_PRIME' and 'NON_NUMERIC_PRIME' etc.	Run Time
print_initial_formfeed = true | false	Set by default under Ultimate emulation. Under normal circumstances the leading form feed, from a HEADER, is suppressed in PRINTed output. This emulation mode causes such form feeds to be PRINTed at the start of the PRINT jobs.	Run Time
prt_video = true | false	Support the following extensions, mainly for printer definitions : @(-27) to @(-33) , @(-47) to @(-55) and @(-59) to @(-126) , and @(-220) through @(-239).	Run Time
quit_eq_end = true | false	Quit (or Stop) from the debugger has the same effect as End or Abort, meaning any calling proc or paragraph is terminated.	Run Time
read_reset_as_null = true | false	For systems which, when a read fails, reset the read variable to a null string.	Run Time
readnext_dont_null_last_key_on_eof = true | false	If set, then retain the value of the last key on a READNEXT instead of setting it to NULL when EOF is reached.	Run Time
readv0 = binary | dcount | key	When a READV (or READVU) is performed and attribute 0 is specified,as in Example #6 The setting defines what will be returned by the 'variablename' variable as : binary - return '1' if the record exits ( '0' otherwise). dcount - return the number of attributes in the record, if the record exists. key - return the record key.	Run Time	+
reality_video = true | false	Support the Reality video extensions from @(-128) through @(-191) for video effects such as combinations of reverse, underline, flashing and so on. These can usually be added to all emulations without harmful effects.	Run Time
reformat_append = true | false	By default the REFORMAT command overwrites existing attributes. With this set, then the REFORMAT command will append a multi-value to existing attributes.	Run Time
report_bad_tapeblksz = true | false	Attempting to write a 'NULL' tape block or a block which is larger than the attached tape block size will return the appropriate error code in SYSTEM(0). This option is NOT set by default for any emulation.	Run Time
resize_array = true | false	If true then the re-DIMensioning of arrays is permitted. Set to 'true' under 'Universe', 'Prime', 'Unidata' and 'Ultimate' emulations.	Compile Time
returning_am_delimited = true | false	If set then data returned from the RETURNING/SETTING clause of the EXECUTE statement will be attribute mark delimited. Otherwise the data will be value mark delimited. The default is true for Sequoia, otherwise false.	Run Time	+
round_neg_tozero = true | false	Round -0.5 to 0 instead of to -1. This does not affect 0.5.	Run Time
scale_masked_string = true | false	For systems (Reality) where formatted strings are descaled by the specified scaling factor, e.g.: '123456' 'R26' gives : with 'scale_masked' set : '0.12' with 'scale_masked' unset : '1234.56'.	Compile Time
selected_count_not_binary = true | false	If this option is set to true, 'SYSTEM(11)' returns the number of items in the default select list. If not, SYSTEM(11) returns either 1, if a default select list is present, or 0 if no default select list is present.	Run Time	+
single_space_timedate = true | false	If set to true, the TIMEDATE() function uses a single space separator (default is two spaces).	Run Time	+
skip_pib_on_ip_null = true | false	If set, leave PIB unchanged when null entered at IP command in PQ proc.	Run Time
skip_spaces_and_tabs = true | false	For systems which ignore leading and trailing spaces when handling values for maths.	Run Time
sline_with_heading = true | false	For systems (Prime), specifying a heading in jQL will NOT suppress the "n Records listed." messages.	Run Time
sp_assign_all = true | false	For systems (Reality), where SP-ASSIGN without a 'channel' number will assign the specified form to ALL 'channels'. By default SP-ASSIGN without a specified 'channel' number only assigns to 'channel 0 (zero).	Run Time
spooler4_only_recent_jobs = true | false	Set by default under Reality emulation. Under normal circumstances ALL print jobs for the specified port will be returned by the SPOOLER(4) function. This emulation limits the information returned to those Print jobs created by the specified/current port, since the program issuing the SPOOLER(4) was started.	Run Time
stacked_input_global = true | false	Set if the DATA stack operates globally or traditionally i.e. : determines whether 'unused' stacked DATA is still available on return from 'EXECUTE'.	Run Time
substring_zero_eq_one = true | false	For systems (Reality) which treat a starting position of '0' as '1' in substring assignment, e.g. : x[0,1] = bla is equivalent to x[1,1] = bla. The default behaviour, for 'x[0,n] = value' is to prepend to the original string. With 'substring_zero_eq_one' set, the first 'n' character(s) are replaced, e.g. : where 'x' is originally 'abc', x[0,1] = 'z' will give : 'zbc' with 'substring_zero_eq_one' set and 'zabc' by default.	Run Time
system_19_timedate = true | false	When set to true, SYSTEM(19) will return a unique 'date + time' stamp, e.g. '1103361234' , instead of login name or JBASICLOGNAME (account name). This is set by default for sequoia emulation.	Run Time	+
tconv_no_replace = true | false	By default the T conversion in OCONV will replace system delimiters. This causes that effect not to happen.	Run Time
time_is_hours = true | false	when set to true, time will be considered in minutes rather than seconds. Thus ICONV(1,"MTS") will return 60 (not 3600). By default this value is set to false in Reality and Sequoia.	Run Time	+
treat_with_as_and_with = true | false	If set treat jQL WITH <Clause> WITH <Clause> as AND WITH - default is OR WITH. See Example #7	Run Time	+
treat_with_as_or_with = true | false	If set treat jQL WITH <Clause> WITH <Clause> as OR WITH - [ this is the default behaviour]. See Example #8	Run Time	+
unnamed_common = unassigned | null | zero	Indicates how to set un-named common when first referenced. Same as 'named_common'.	Run Time
use_id_lptr_reporting = true | false	For systems (Prime) that use @ID and @LPTR for default listings.	Run Time
use_sql_syntax_for_select = true | false	Use SQL syntax in SELECT commands.	Run Time
use_uv_locate = true | false	When set to 'true', use the Universe syntax for the Basic 'LOCATE' function, i.e. 'search string' and 'array to search' parameters are interposed.	Compile Time
ux1ad_use_four_digits = true | false	If set, user exits U11AD, U21AD and U31AD will generate four digit rather than two digit numbers. i.e. nnnnP vs nnP	Run Time
wrap_r_just = true | false	For systems (Universe and Prime), right justified data will wrap in jQL.	Run Time
writelist_on_select_from_var = true | false	If set then write any select list, generated by basic "SELECT Var" to the default select list.	Run Time

Example #1

(conv_old_mct = true|false)

string = 'Bas-e'
OCONV(string, 'MCT')

The resulting string is "BASE"

Example #2

(no_extra_delimiter = true|false)

This behaviour is true for all of:

dyn_array<-1> = whatever ,
x = INSERT( dyn_array,-1,.., ..; whatever )

and

INS whatever BEFORE dyn_array<-1,..,...>

Example #3

Program:
DATA 'input1'
EXECUTE 'paragraph'

PA
SELECT file
C 'input1' will NOT be passed to the above 'SELECT' if 'para_stacked_data = true'
<<'GetInput'>>
C 'GetInput' above will be satisfied by 'input1' if 'para_stacked_data = true'

Example #4

HSELECT <--- The trailing 'space' has been omitted within the Proc
IP
A'

Example #5

SELECT 'input_data'

rather than:

SELECT'input_data'

Example #6

READV variablename FROM filevariable ,'my_record', 0  ELSE ABORT 202,'my_record'

Example #7

List MD WITH *A1 't' WITH *A2'115'

will be evaluated the same as:

List MD WITH *A1 't' AND WITH *A2'115'

Example #8

The query:

List MD WITH *A1 't' WITH *A2'115'

will be evaluated the same as:

List MD WITH *A1 't' OR WITH *A2'115'

Note

Some of the "generic" emulation behavior will change at run-time, but for a complete change, the code should be recompiled.

Despite being set at Run-time, if running from jshell, requires that a new jshell be invoked before the behavior will change.

On many platforms, @(-n) codes are used to control special terminal characteristics. However the definition of these codes differs between platforms. Rather than "hard coding" the @(-n) codes, jBASE allows their definition in the Config_EMULATE file. This allows legacy applications to use existing @(-n) codes and so reduces the time required to port an application to jBASE.
A knowledge of terminfo capabilities can be useful when defining these codes.

Code	Action	Description
@(-n)	clear_screen	Move cursor to position 0,0 and clear to end of screen
@(-n)	cursor_home	Move cursor to position 0,0
@(-n)	clear_eos	Clear the screen from current position to end of screen
@(-n)	clear_eol	Clear the screen from current position to end of line
@(-n)	blink_on	Turn on blinking video
@(-n)	blink_off	Turn off blinking video
@(-n)	prot_on	Turn on protected fields
@(-n)	prot_off	Turn off protected fields
@(-n)	reverse_on	Turn on reverse video
@(-n)	reverse_off	Turn off reverse video
@(-n)	underline_on	Turn on underline video
@(-n)	underline_off	Turn off underline video
@(-n)	bold_on	Turn on bold video
@(-n)	bold_off	Turn off bold video
@(-n)	printer_on	Turn on the slave printer
@(-n)	printer_off	Turn off the slave printer
@(-n)	print_screen	Dump the entire screen to the printer
@(-n)	status_line_on	Turn the line 25 status line on
@(-n)	status_line_off	Turn the line 25 status line off
@(-n)	cursor_down	Move the cursor down one position
@(-n)	cursor_up	Move the cursor up one position
@(-n)	cursor_right	Move the cursor one position to the right
@(-n)	cursor_left	Move the cursor one position to the left
@(-n)	cursor_on	Turn the visible cursor on
@(-n)	cursor_off	Turn the visible cursor off
@(-n)	delete_line	Delete a single line
@(-n)	insert_line	Insert a single line
@(-n)	scroll_forward	Scroll the screen display up one line
@(-n)	scroll_backward	Scroll the screen display down one line
@(-n)	delete_char	Delete a single character at present cursor position
@(-n)	insert_char	Insert a blank character at present cursor position
@(-n)	insert_on	Begin insert mode
@(-n)	insert_off	End insert mode
@(-n)	effects_off	Turns off ALL the video effects
@(-n)	graphics_on	Turn on the alternate character set
@(-n)	graphics_off	Turn off the alternate character set
@(-n)	graphics_vertical	In graphics mode a vertical bar
@(-n)	graphics_horizontal	In graphics mode a horizontal bar
@(-n)	graphics_upper_left	In graphics mode a top left hand corner
@(-n)	graphics_upper_right	In graphics mode a top right hand corner
@(-n)	graphics_bottom_left	In graphics mode a bottom left hand corner
@(-n)	graphics_bottom_right	In graphics mode a bottom right hand corner
@(-n)	graphics_intersection	In graphics mode + intersection character
@(-n)	graphics_tee_left	In graphics mode a left hand tee character
@(-n)	graphics_tee_right	In graphics mode a right hand tee character
@(-n)	graphics_tee_up	In graphics mode a top tee character
@(-n)	graphics_tee_down	In graphics mode a bottom tee character
@(-n)	background colorname	Set the background to one of the supported colors , where "colorname" is one of: black , blue , green , cyan, red , magenta , yellow , white
@(-n)	foreground colorname	Set the foreground to one of the supported colors , where "colorname" is one of: black , blue , green, cyan , red , magenta , yellow , white

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